Īccording to early texts such as the Pali Ariyapariyesanā-sutta ("The discourse on the noble quest", MN 26) and its Chinese parallel at MĀ 204, Gautama was moved by the suffering ( dukkha) of life and death, and its endless repetition due to rebirth. Some of the stories about Buddha, his life, his teachings, and claims about the society he grew up in may have been invented and interpolated at a later time into the Buddhist texts. Scholars such as Richard Gombrich consider this a dubious claim because a combination of evidence suggests he was born in the Shakya community, which was governed by a small oligarchy or republic-like council where there were no ranks but where seniority mattered instead. Some hagiographic legends state that his father was a king named Suddhodana, his mother was Queen Maya. The evidence of the early texts suggests that Siddhartha Gautama was born in Lumbini, present-day Nepal and grew up in Kapilavastu, a town in the Ganges Plain, near the modern Nepal–India border, and that he spent his life in what is now modern Bihar and Uttar Pradesh.
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His social background and life details are difficult to prove, and the precise dates are uncertain. The details of Buddha's life are mentioned in many Early Buddhist Texts but are inconsistent. Early texts have the Buddha's family name as "Gautama" (Pali: Gotama). 10.2 Relationships with other religious traditionsīuddhism is an Indian religion or philosophy founded on the teachings of Gautama Buddha, a Śramaṇa also called Shakyamuni (sage of the Shakya's), or "the Buddha" ("the Awakened One"), who lived c.6.2.2 Ashokan Era and the early schools.4.6.6 Tantra, visualization and the subtle body.
4.6 Meditation – Sama-amādhi and dhyāna.4.5 Mindfulness and clear comprehension.3.2 Theravada presentations of the path.3.1 Paths to liberation in the early texts.2.1 Four Noble Truths – dukkha and its ending.Historically, until the early 2nd millennium, Buddhism was widely practiced in the Indian subcontinent it also had a foothold to some extent in other places such as Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, and the Philippines. Tibetan Buddhism, which preserves the Vajrayāna teachings of eighth-century India, is practiced in the Himalayan states as well as in Mongolia and Russian Kalmykia. 'Indestructible Vehicle'), a body of teachings attributed to Indian adepts, may be viewed as a separate branch or an aspect of the Mahāyāna tradition. The Mahāyāna branch-which includes the traditions of Zen, Pure Land, Nichiren, Tiantai, Tendai, and Shingon-is predominantly practiced in Nepal, Bhutan, China, Malaysia, Vietnam, Taiwan, Korea, and Japan. The Theravāda branch has a widespread following in Sri Lanka as well as in Southeast Asia (namely Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, and Cambodia). 'School of the Elders') and Mahāyāna ( lit. Two major extant branches of Buddhism are generally recognized by scholars: Theravāda ( lit.
Widely observed practices include: meditation observance of moral precepts monasticism " taking refuge" in the Buddha, the dharma, and the saṅgha and the cultivation of perfections ( pāramitā). Buddhist schools vary in their interpretation of the paths to liberation ( mārga) as well as the relative importance and canonicity assigned to various Buddhist texts, and their specific teachings and practices.
'quenching') or by following the path of Buddhahood, ending the cycle of death and rebirth ( saṃsāra). Most Buddhist traditions emphasize transcending the individual self through the attainment of nirvāṇa ( lit. Buddhism encompasses a variety of traditions, beliefs, and spiritual practices that are largely based on the Buddha's teachings and their resulting interpreted philosophies.Īs expressed in the " Four Noble Truths" of the Buddha, the goal of Buddhism is to overcome the suffering ( duḥkha) caused by desire ( taṇhā) and ignorance ( avidyā) of reality's true nature, including impermanence ( anitya) and non-self ( anātman). Presently, it is the world's fourth-largest religion, with over 520 million followers ( Buddhists) who comprise seven percent of the global population. Originating in ancient India as a movement professing śramaṇa between the 6th and 4th centuries BCE, it gradually spread throughout much of Asia via the Silk Road.
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"doctrines and disciplines"), is an Indian religion or philosophical tradition based on a series of original teachings attributed to Gautama Buddha. An image of a lantern used in the Vesak Festival, which celebrates the birth, enlightenment and Parinirvana of Gautama Buddhaīuddhism ( / ˈ b ʊ d ɪ z əm/ BUU-dih-zəm, / ˈ b uː d-/ BOOD-), also known as Buddha Dharma or Dharmavinaya ( transl.
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